A Constructor is any entity that causes a transformation from some input to some output while retaining its ability to cause another such transformation again. So for example, we could also just think of the Frappuccino machine as taking in a substrate of coffee beans and milk and transforming that substrate into a different form of just aFrappuccino drink. Another concept in Constructor theory is that of an attribute. This roughly corresponds with the colloquial definition of the word attribute.
We continue our exploration of constructor theory, our deepest theory in physics. We learn about the conceptual tools used in the theory, such as constructors, tasks, and substrates. We explain how constructor theory solves a few philosophical problems, such as whether or not causation is real, and what knowledge is in physical terms. We explain why constructor theory expresses knowledge as a fundamental quantity in Reality. Finally, we define a universal constructor and suggest that future research may prove the possibility of its creation.
Foundational Paper on Constructor Theory (preprint) - https://arxiv.org/pdf/1210.7439.pdf
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