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The Speed of Light - The Most Accurate Measurement of All Time
The speed of light is important because it crops up all over the place in physics. Scientists know how things travel in a medium, so they could determine what properties the luminiferous ether would have to have. Michael Sin devises an experiment to split a beam of light into one going in the same direction as the Earth and one perpendicular. He then recombines these rays of light and looks at the interference pattern. And he sees that there's no real effect. So this was the most accurate measurement of all time, and it brought him tremendous fame.