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The History of Revolutionary Ideas: Humanism

Past Present Future

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Crises of Authority: The Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire in Turmoil

This chapter explores the tumultuous late medieval period marked by the crises in the Catholic Church and the Holy Roman Empire. Key events such as the Avignon papacy, the Church's schism, and the devastating effects of the Black Death are examined for their roles in destabilizing these institutions.

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