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The Evolution of the Mastaba in Egypt
Early royal tombs were marked with pairs of large inscribed stones and had small mounds, maybe made of sand, encased in mud brick. As time went on, it grew more common for the mustabas to stick up higher out of the ground,. so over time, the small mounds became visible mud brick buildings. The beginning of the old kingdom marks a real shift, a true rupture. For whatever reason, the meaning of kingship changed around this time. We can see this new distinction clearly with the construction what we call the step pyramid.