Sex Differences and Controversies in Gut Microbiome Research

Dr Glenn McConell chats with Dr Edward Chambers from Imperial College London who is an expert on the gut microbiota, exercise and metabolism. He has shown that some fibre can be fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by gut microbiota which can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. In addition, these SCFA can affect appetite. He has also shown that exercise and/or carbohydrate ingestion reduces appetite. Important message, eat the recommended amount of fibre. Very interesting work and a fun chat.
0:00. Introduction
2:21. What is the gut microbiota and why important?
4:02. 1.5-2kg of body weight is bacteria throughout one’s gut
7:02. CHO in mouth effects brain activity /exercise performance
12:34. Meals vs glucose/insulin infusions for muscle glucose uptake
14:20. Is all ingested CHO absorbed or partly fermented?
16:07. Some fibre fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by gut microbiota
21:35. What kinds of fibre are fermentable
22:15. Diet and antibiotics affect your gut bacteria
25:06. Establishing a healthy gut microbiome early if life
27:44. Effects of the SCFA produced by gut microbiota
33:22. SCFA and appetite hormones
34:15. Antibiotics/SCFA and endurance capacity
34:30. Translation of rodent studies to humans
38:45. Effects of acetate on muscle glycogen and fat oxidation
41:58. How quickly can diet affect gut microbiota?
43:29. Probiotics, microbiota, exercise and upper airway infections
46:17. Need sufficient fibre to ferment
49:00. Athletes concerned with gas/bloating from high fibre intakes
51:20. Lean vs obese people and gut microbiota
52:25. CHO ingestion with and without exercise and appetite. GLP-1
1:00:45. Lactate, exercise and appetite
1:02:00. Succinate from muscle and gut microbiota and appetite
1:02:59. Exercise plus GLP-1 agonists for weight loss
1:04:00. Variability in the effects of exercise on appetite/weight loss
1:07:42. Yo Yo effects of exercise and diet on weight loss
1:09:47. CHO and gut microbiota during the Tour de France
1:12:40. Gut microbiota and mental health
1:14:52. Are all gut microbiota good for us? /fatty liver
1:17:20. High fibre intake associated with higher muscle mass and strength
1:21:30. Aging and gut microbiota, need to keep eating fibre
1:24:35. Exercise training changes the gut microbiota
1:28:25. Sex differences in the gut microbiota
1:31:28. Diet with and without exercise and gut microbiota
1:33:05. Takeaway messages
1:35:16. Outro (9 seconds)
Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise’s effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.
The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.
He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).
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Not medical advice