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The Imperial Exam System Prevents China From Developing Civil Society
In your new book, you argue that the imperial exam system weakened the horizontal structure of Chinese society. So I can see that the exams might pull away some smart people, but there's still plenty of people left in China. Why don't the remaining people develop some kind of civil society? The norms are shared beyond the select few who eventually succeeded at the exam. It's kind of the bottom of the pyramid. They all wanted to be educated in Confucian ideology.