Training versus inference: where training stays

Today virtually all AI compute takes place in centralized data centers, driving the demand for massive power infrastructure.

But as workloads shift from training to inference, and AI applications become more latency-sensitive (autonomous vehicles, anyone?), there‘s another pathway: migrating a portion of inference from centralized computing to the edge. Instead of a gigawatt-scale data center in a remote location, we might see a fleet of smaller data centers clustered around an urban core. Some inference might even shift to our devices. 

So how likely is a shift like this, and what would need to happen for it to substantially reshape AI power?

In this episode, Shayle talks to Dr. Ben Lee, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the University of Pennsylvania, as well as a visiting researcher at Google. Shayle and Ben cover topics like:

• The three main categories of compute: hyperscale, edge, and on-device

• Why training is unlikely to move from hyperscale

• The low latency demands of new applications like autonomous vehicles

• How generative AI is training us to tolerate longer latencies 

• Why distributed inference doesn‘t face the same technical challenges as distributed training

• Why consumer devices may limit model capability 

Resources:

• ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review: A Case Study of Environmental Footprints for Generative AI Inference: Cloud versus Edge

• Internet of Things and Cyber-Physical Systems: Edge AI: A survey

Credits: Hosted by Shayle Kann. Produced and edited by Daniel Woldorff. Original music and engineering by Sean Marquand. Stephen Lacey is our executive editor. 

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