Evolution of Smalltalk: From 70s Origins to Modern Challenges

This chapter explores the history of Smalltalk, from its inception at Xerox PARC in the 70s to its industry transition in the 80s. It discusses the development of open-source versions like Sqik and Sqizz, the differences between Smalltalk descendants Pharo and Squeak, and the influence of Smalltalk on languages like Ruby and Objective-C. The chapter also delves into the challenges and possibilities of creating an operating system and user experience entirely based on Smalltalk, considering past projects and modern developments in the field.