Colin Williams: War in short is expensive as Russia knows all too well. Last year, it crossed the $2 trillion mark for the first time, an increase of roughly 4% in real terms. Lots of countries are pledging to spend more on defense and that could rise by about $200 billion a year. If you have somewhat more speculative assumptions, it could be as much as $700billion a year.
Conflict in Ukraine has cut short the “peace dividend” the world was reaping. We count the economic costs of a widespread return to a war footing. President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s appointment of two economic realists should, at last, overturn Turkey’s upside-down monetary policy—if they are free to act. And why so many whales are washing up dead on America’s East Coast.
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