The Crusades - A History of the Middle East

After 11 hundred the crusaders no longer have that advantage, and they face much more serious opposition from from their moslem opponents. And what we see is further crusades as popes and kings and emperors try to hold control over jerusalem after they lose it. You see a series of mass mobilizations to the holy land that mostly fail. Ah, there are some partial successes. I'll talk about the third crusade. But what we see over all is a gradual loss of those domains in utremer, a permanent loss of jerusalem and a sort of a creation of a tradition of failurea where europeans repeatedly go out on crusade and fail to achieve their extremely ambitious objectives