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2min chapter
The Panopticon Effect
99% Invisible
The Importance of Solitary Inclusion in Prisons
In the mid-19th century, Dutch reformers began looking for a new way to design prisons. Alexis de Tocqueville had travelled to the United States to study its penitentiaries. He visited one prison which at the time was based on a whole new model of incarceration. It was run by Quakers who believed that instead of locking prisoners up in huge cages, each individual should be kept in complete solitude. Only by being alone in their own cell would each prisoner be transformed into a pious citizen ready to rejoin society.
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