Victor gruin was an emigra from austria. Fled the naes to the us in the late 19 thirties. He initially designed these very glamorous stores in manhattan, and then he was taken up by some department store executives who were like, moved to california design or department stores. And he just felt kind of crushed by the landscape around those department stores. There was nowhere to meet your friends. The problem really comes at, like, i grew up going to northgate mall in durham, north carolina,. but there's a much more famous northgate Mall in seattle that was one of the first mauls. But ro yelin