Evolution of Ocean Observation Methods

This chapter explores the historical methods of observing the ocean's properties, the advancements in global ocean observation systems, and the use of innovative ideas like tracking elephant seals for data collection. It delves into the complexities of ocean modeling, emphasizing the challenges in representing various processes accurately and the importance of understanding ocean dynamics beyond brute force methods. Additionally, it discusses the variations in CO2 levels during different periods, the role of oceans in carbon storage, and the relationship between density gradients and ocean currents.