How to Prevent High Ventilation Deficit Intubation

The patient who's too agitated to be pre-oxygenated is sort of a slightly separate category. So the key is to hyperventilate these patients with non-abasive prior to induction and have your LMA ready for immediate ventilation if needed. Remember that the arterial carbon dioxide is at least as high as the end title, but can be much higher. Check your blood gas early and often. And an evolving airway strategy to consider in patients who don't tolerate apnea is to do not make them apneic.