The Gold Standard of Causality in Medicine

In medicine, what we care about is causality. We want to know, if you take this drug, will it make you feel better? And random ize experiments are the gold standard of causality. But ranbitrals aren't the only research strata used in medicine. There's also this thing called epidemiology. They're costly to do. It takes time to recruit patients. Not all patients w en participate in an experimental drug. So that's why, as a discipline, medicine has had to rely on other approaches to trying to understand causal questions like, does drug a do a better job at treating disease than drug b?