This week, Paul is re-releasing an episode about the Blue Zones and why he believes they are cherry-picked and not completely accurate when talking about their “plant-based diets” contributing to longevity. He also shines a light on the fact that meat is indeed eaten in the Blue Zones.

*Produced by Mountain Valley Media

00:10:20 What are the Blue Zones?

00:15:00 Regions left out of the Blue Zones

00:16:50 Epidemiology studies vs. interventional studies

00:37:20 Does red meat cause cancer?

00:43:50 Unpacking Okinawa, Japan

00:50:40 Unpacking Nicoya, Costa Rica

0053:20 Unpacking Sardinia, Italy

00:54:50 Unpacking Ikaria, Greece

00:56:30 Unpacking Loma Linda, California

01:03:50 Conclusion

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References:

Vegetarian diet and all-cause mortality: Evidence from a large population-based Australian cohort - the 45 and Up Study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28040519/

Mortality in British vegetarians: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12001975/

Meat consumption and diet quality and mortality in NHANES III: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23486512/

Mortality in vegetarians and comparable nonvegetarians in the United Kingdom: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26657045/

Meat intake and cause-specific mortality: a pooled analysis of Asian prospective cohort studies: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23902788/

Major correlates of male height: A study of 105 countries: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26948573/

Nutrition for the Japanese elderly: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1407826/

The Nicoya region of Costa Rica: a high longevity island for elderly males: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4241350/

Male longevity in Sardinia, a review of historical sources supporting a causal link with dietary factors: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267864042_Male_longevity_in_Sardinia_a_review_of_historical_sources_supporting_a_causal_link_with_dietary_factors

Sociodemographic and Lifestyle Statistics of Oldest Old People (>80 Years) Living in Ikaria Island: The Ikaria Study: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3051199/

Lifestyle and reduced mortality among active California Mormons, 1980-2004: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17920112/

Food intake diet and sperm characteristics in a blue zone: a Loma Linda Study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27280539/

Lifetime stress accelerates epigenetic aging in an urban, African American cohort: relevance of glucocorticoid signaling: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26673150/

The relationship between peripheral blood mononuclear cells telomere length and diet - unexpected effect of red meat: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4944490/