Two million years ago, homorectus appears on the landscape for the first time with a brain capacity 80 % bigger than those earlier ancestors. To get to humans a bit later, they've been around for million years. They've spread out into asia. And about 800 thousand years ago, we have homo heidelberg ensis that evolves in ethiopia. But why in that place, you've got about oarly 50 kilometers beween one extreme terrain and another. For us to revolve, we needed two things. One, social pri had to be in africa. Tick we got that. And then we had to have a forcing factor. We needed things
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss one of our ancestors, Homo erectus, who thrived on Earth for around two million years whereas we, Homo sapiens, emerged only in the last three hundred thousand years. Homo erectus, or Upright Man, spread from Africa to Asia and it was on the Island of Java that fossilised remains were found in 1891 in an expedition led by Dutch scientist Eugène Dubois. Homo erectus people adapted to different habitats, ate varied food, lived in groups, had stamina to outrun their prey; and discoveries have prompted many theories on the relationship between their diet and the size of their brains, on their ability as seafarers, on their creativity and on their ability to speak and otherwise communicate.
The image above is from a diorama at the Moesgaard Museum in Denmark, depicting the Turkana Boy referred to in the programme.
With
Peter Kjærgaard
Director of the Natural History Museum of Denmark and Professor of Evolutionary History at the University of Copenhagen
José Joordens
Senior Researcher in Human Evolution at Naturalis Biodiversity Centre and Professor of Human Evolution at Maastricht University
And
Mark Maslin
Professor of Earth System Science at University College London
Producer: Simon Tillotson