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How to Determine if a Shoulder Is Limited by Stiffness or Pain
The vast majority of people with shoulder pain that I'm talking about have a large limited range but they will have some discomfort towards the end of the range. It can be difficult to tell if you're unsure then maybe this is where you would look to apply a passive lateral rotation test rather than asking the patient to do it themselves. Often with a frozen shoulder it will be a combination of pain and stiffness with the pain coinciding with the onset of the stiffness.