4min chapter

99% Invisible cover image

The ELIZA Effect

99% Invisible

CHAPTER

How Eliza Changed the World

Eliza was a simple computer program that could convincingly simulate human conversation. Weisenbaum had programmed Eliza to interact in the style of a psychotherapist and it was pretty convincing. He feared that people were being fooled, that they didn't really understand it was just a bunch of circuits on the other end. People have long been fascinated with devices that imitate humans.

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