The Evolutionary Argument for Cognitive Enhancement

There is no reason to think that what was maximally adaptive in the evolutionary past would still be adaptive to us today. With regard to intelligence, there might be a number of factors that have changed. When we were living as hunter-gatherers, there was no need for literacy or advanced numeracy. But in today's society, these cognitive skills are to premium. And now where a Mars bar is never far away, we don't suffer from a calorie deficit,. We would rather fancy burning more calories, and if we get more intelligent, that's a bonus.