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How to Make Hard Fats
Hard fats are used often because they have suitable melting points for lots of applications in foods. They're produced from unsaturated vegetable oils using a process called partial hydrogenation. This involves reacting the oil with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel. And so this process of partial hydrogenation typically creates a fat with around 15% trans fatty acids although it can actually be as high as 55%.