The Relationship Between Monolingualism and Trans-Linguisticism

Monolingualism as an ideology is something that stemmed directly from the nation state ideology in Europe. So there was this huge emphasis on one people, one language, one territory. And we're still with that in a way, you know, that idea is still, is still with us. But trans-languageing can also be used by ordinary citizens who will use it as a sign of authentically being from somewhere or a pride of place.