Standard Setting in the Railway Sector

China has provided significant funding to other countries rail projects. Most of them are actually also state owned firms. In those state owned firms work based on chinese standards. That implies that recipient countries can't just turn to a us. Supplier or an european supplier for maintaining those signalling systems. Or if they want to further build out at a high speed rail network and want to use the same digital signalling system, us suppliers, european suppliers can't just step in. So if they go rational, economically rational, they will depend on china in the foreseeable future.