The Long Reach of the Gene

The influence of a male bird singing on a female. We know from experimental evidence that a male canary singing or a male dove doing a so-called bowku, sort of bowing motion,. actually has changes the hormonal state of the female. Genes in the male have phenotypic effect in the body of theFemale. This is the extended phenotype. The long reach of the gene as I've called it is reaching out not just within the body of but also across distance.