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97 - The Death of Françafrique: Africa's Rebalancing Act

The Red Line

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The Opposition to the French Forces Operating With Mali

Both have been widely unsuccessful in clamping down all these groups. Why do you think that is? Both are unsuccessful, because military intervention is only at hook. You can't change a society just by having a military intervention. So whether it's France or Wagner groups, military is insufficient. What you would need is basically a huge Marshall Plan - which has never happened for any African state.

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