All standard cosmologies have the property that you can stretch out the Big Bang in those models to make it nice and smooth. But almost all models, if you think of what possible things that can be in Einstein's equations, they're a great mess at the beginning. Those ones which do have a nice smooth Big Bang are ones that you could say that the gravitation degrees of freedom are killed off right at the beginnng.
Sir Roger Penrose has had a remarkable life. He has contributed an enormous amount to our understanding of general relativity, perhaps more than anyone since Einstein himself -- Penrose diagrams, singularity theorems, the Penrose process, cosmic censorship, and the list goes on. He has made important contributions to mathematics, including such fun ideas as the Penrose triangle and aperiodic tilings. He has also made bold conjectures in the notoriously contentious areas of quantum mechanics and the study of consciousness. In his spare time he's managed to become an extremely successful author, writing such books as The Emperor's New Mind and The Road to Reality. With far too much that we could have talked about, we decided to concentrate in this discussion on spacetime, black holes, and cosmology, but we made sure to reserve some time to dig into quantum mechanics and the brain by the end.
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