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607. Stephan Bodian, 2nd Interview

Buddha at the Gas Pump

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Crazy Wisdom: A Literary Invention

Timothy Conway says abusive behavior is part of the venerable crazy wisdom tradition going back to illustrious spiritual adepts. But historical scholarship has shown this to have been a literary invention by later writers, 100 to 300 years after the supposed early crazy wisdom adepts lived. In China, stories of crazy wisdom behaviors were invented and elaborated as a literary device to make certain Tang Dynasty Chan teachers look more interesting and authoritative. After the literary invention of the crazy wisdom trope, later generations witnessed numerous spiritual teachers behaving abusively,. shouting at students, kicking, beating, humiliating them or testing them in extreme ways.

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