Shirin Rai on Gender Parity in the Indian Parliament
Interpreting India
The Importance of Women in the Constituent Assembly
The struggle for Indian independence was also a struggle for self-representation, so Raj. Out of 299 members of the constituent assembly, there were only 15 women members. So one of the things that comes out very clearly in the debates is that the women there did not want their citizenship on an equal basis to men. A group that is very small but also quite elite.
The 17th Lok Sabha has seventy-eight women MPs, the highest since independence. Has the increase in women’s participation been meaningful? What narratives of equality and citizenship have framed the issue of electoral representation? Do women MPs carry the burden of shifting welfare policy in a gender-sensitive direction?
In this episode of Interpreting India, Shirin Rai joins Shibani Mehta to discuss these questions on gender parity and disparity in the Indian Parliament.
Episode Contributors
Shirin Rai is an interdisciplinary scholar of international relations, area studies, political economy, history, and comparative politics. She has written extensively on issues of gender, governance and development, and gender and political institutions. Her work within feminist political economy examines gendered regimes of work and survival under globalization, which include the privatization of natural resources and the changing nature of work.
Professor Rai is a distinguished research professor of politics and international relations at SOAS, University of London. She is a fellow of the British Academy. In 2022, she was awarded the Distinguished Contribution Prize by the British International Studies Association for her contribution to the promotion of excellence in the discipline of international studies over a substantial period of time.
Shibani Mehta is a senior research analyst with the Security Studies Program at Carnegie India. Her research focuses on the India-China boundary dispute with the purpose of analyzing India’s foreign and security policy decisionmaking.
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Key Moments:
(0:00); Introduction
(2:11); Reflection on the newly built parliament building and its implications for society
(7:32); Analysis of the evolution of the Indian Parliament
(14:39); Examination of women's representation in Parliament throughout the years
(23:33); Discussing boardroom politics and advocating for women's participation in parliament
(31:26); Exploring whether women bear the burden of welfare and equality in this debate
(43:55); Comparison of women's reservation in parliament at different levels of governance
(50:27); Outro
Additional Reading
70 Years of Parliament by PRS Legislative Research
Performing Representation: Women Members in the Indian Parliament by Shirin M. Rai and Carole Spary
The Oxford Handbook of Politics and Performance, edited by Shirin M. Rai, Milija Gluhovic, Silvija Jestrovic, and Michael Saward
Explained | On Reservation for Women in Politics by Radhika Santhanam
Indian Women Are Voting More Than Ever. Will They Change Indian Society? by Milan Vaishnav
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