The Synthesis of Philosophy and Cognitive Science

In Episode 3 of the "Active Inference Insights" series, host Darius Parvizi-Wayne welcomes John Vervaeke for an insightful discussion bridging cognitive science and philosophy. The episode delves into topics like relevance realization, evolutionary processes in cognition, and understanding cultural variations in self-modeling. Verveke articulates the dynamic nature of cognition and its relationship with the environment, challenging traditional views on consciousness and the subjective-objective divide. Listeners will better understand how computational models and philosophical frameworks can synergistically enhance our comprehension of the mind and its processes. This episode is a thought-provoking journey that connects cognitive science theories with philosophical inquiries, offering listeners nuanced perspectives on the complexity of human cognition and its implications for meaning in life.

Glossary of Terms

4E Cognitive Science: A view of cognition as embodied, embedded, enacted, and extended.

Relevance Realization: The ability to focus on salient information in a complex environment.

Predictive Processing: A framework in cognitive science that describes how the brain makes predictions about incoming sensory information.

Opponent Processing: A concept in biology where two subsystems work in opposition to regulate functions like arousal.

Resources and References:

Dr. John Vervaeke: Website | YouTube | Patreon | X | Facebook

Darius Parvizi: X | Active Inference Institute | Active Inference Insights

The Vervaeke Foundation

Awaken to Meaning

John Vervaeke YouTube

Awakening from the Meaning Crisis

After Socrates

The Crossroads of Predictive Processing and Relevance Realization | Leiden Symposium

Books, Articles, Publications, and Videos

Heidegger, Neoplatonism, and the History of Being: Relation as Ontological Ground - James Filler

Predictive processing and relevance realization: exploring convergent solutions to the frame problem. Phenomenology and the Cognitive Sciences. Andersen, B. P., Miller, M., & Vervaeke, J. (2022)

The Self‐Evidencing Brain. Noûs Hohwy, Jakob (2016).

Attenuating oneself. Philosophy and the Mind Sciences. Limanowski, Jakub & Friston, Karl (2020).

'Seeing the Dark': Grounding Phenomenal Transparency and Opacity in Precision Estimation for Active Inference. Frontiers in psychology. Limanowski, J., & Friston, K. (2018).

Deeply Felt Affect: The Emergence of Valence in Deep Active Inference. Neural computation.  Forgetting Ourselves in Flow: An Active Inference Account of Flow States. Hesp, C., Smith, R., Parr, T., Allen, M., Friston, K. J., & Ramstead, M. J. D. (2021). Parvizi-Wayne, D., Sandved-Smith, L., Pitliya, R. J., Limanowski, J., Tufft, M. R. A., & Friston, K. (2023, December 7).

Cognitive effort and active inference. Neuropsychologia. Parr, T., Holmes, E., Friston, K. J., & Pezzulo, G. (2023).

"The Theory of Affordances" The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, Gibson, James J. (1979).

Karl Friston ~ Active Inference Insights 001 ~ Free Energy, Time, Consciousness 

Quotes

"Relevance realization inverts the way common sense works." - John Verveke

 "The deeper your temporal model, the more critical relevance realization becomes." - Darius Parvizi Wayne

Chapters with Timestamps

Introduction and Overview [00:00:00]

Evolution and Function in Cognition [00:06:17]

Opponent Processing in Biology [00:09:42]

Problem-Solving and Anticipation [00:14:22]

Relevance Realization and Evolution [00:31:34]

Consciousness and Subject-Object Distinction [00:53:00]

Cultural and Historical Perspectives on Cognition [00:56:35]

Ontological Self and Phenomenal Self Modeling [01:11:19]

Self-Modeling and Cultural Perspectives [01:14:00]

Agency and Selfhood in Cognitive Processes [01:18:16]

Self-Modeling Under flow States [01:22:01]

Arousal and Metamotivational Theory [01:35:54]

Predictive Processing Symposium and Relevance Realization [01:46:26]

Episode Conclusion and Future Plans [01:48:20]

Timestamped Highlights

[00:00:00] - Darius Parvizi Wayne introduces the episode and guest John Verveke, highlighting John's expertise in psychology, cognitive science, and Buddhist philosophy​​.

[00:06:17] - John Verveke discusses the evolution of cognitive functions and the role of evolution in shaping cognition​​.

[00:11:40] - Explanation of the autonomic nervous system, detailing how its two subsystems with opposite biases work together to regulate bodily functions.

[00:14:43] - The conversation delves into the nature of problem-solving, exploring how organisms predict and prepare for future states. 

[00:22:23] - The concept of hyperbolic discounting in cognition is examined, analyzing its impact on decision-making and goal pursuit.

[00:26:20] - Discussion on the role of affordances in predictive processing, exploring how environments offer action possibilities to organisms.

[00:31:34] - Conversation on the analogy between relevance realization and evolutionary processes, highlighting the dynamic nature of cognitive adaptation​​.

[00:38:00] - The existential imperative is clarified in the context of the free energy principle, exploring its implications in cognitive science​​.

[00:53:00] - Consciousness and the subject-object distinction are addressed, challenging traditional cognitive models and exploring interrelational perspectives​​.

[00:56:35] - Cultural and historical influences on cognitive processes are explored, examining how these factors shape our understanding of cognition​​.

[00:57:13] - John Verveke discusses the hermeneutics of suspicion in cognitive science, questioning the distinction between appearance and reality​​.  

[01:04:49] - The role of perception and its function in cognitive processes are discussed, emphasizing the interconnectedness of perception and cognition​​.

[01:11:19] - The concepts of ontological and phenomenal self-modeling are delved into, discussing how these models influence cognitive processes​​.

[01:14:00] - Self-modeling and its cultural variations are discussed, highlighting the diversity in conceptualizing the self across different cultures​​.

[01:18:16] - Agency and selfhood in cognitive processes are examined, focusing on how these concepts enhance predictive agency in the world​​.

[01:22:01] - Exploration of self-modeling under flow states and their impact on cognitive processes​​.

[01:35:54] - Analysis of arousal in the context of meta motivational theory, discussing how arousal is framed differently based on goals and motivations​​.

[01:38:04] - Discussion of the intersection of philosophical concepts and computational models in cognitive science, emphasizing the importance of integrating these approaches to enhance understanding without oversimplifying complex phenomena.

[01:46:26] - Overview of a talk integrating predictive processing and relevance realization theory, offering insights into their combined impact on cognitive science​​.