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CPAP or NIV in COPD?
There's good evidence base showing that it improves physiology, decreases mortality and decreases intubation rates in those with exacerbations of COPD. It is definitely favoured over invasive ventilation the vast majority of cases. NIV will be used as we said in those with hypercabnic respiratory failure so a pH of less than 7.35 and a PaCO2 which is high at greater than 6 kilopascals. The exact numbers are going to vary from institution for institution but we might be talking about starting with an in-spiritory pressure with around a 10 to 12 centimetres of water pressure.