The Emotional Component of Pain

There is a strong emotional component to pain that I think genetics, it's not enough to explain the variations across the population and within an individual. And presumably that emotional top-down control and role in pain must underpin some aspects of what we dub the placebo or even the no-cebo effect where you expect something to happen and so it does. So there is kind of therapeutic value to it. There is all some potential therapeutic harm but it extends beyond that. It is really why we focus not just on a biological approach to managing pain but understanding the importance of sociological, psychological approaches to modulating pain.