The sixteenth century is often thought of as the beginning of europe's rise. But you emphasize that this rise was a relative one. In the early modern period, european actors still depended on the east for material goods and ideas. And this was particularly true for the hapsburgs - who may not have been remembered for these innovations without their chingasit heritage.
Ayşe Zarakol on her book Before the West: The Rise and Fall of Eastern World Orders. How centuries of Asian empires from Genghis Khan to Timur and the early Ming Dynasty through the Ottomans and Mughals built dominant world orders and, ultimately, shaped the rise of Europe—and how that all might shape how we think about the crisis in the world order today.
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