Civil Wars and Political Breakdowns in Late Medieval Europe
Tides of History
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The Role of Political Actors in Civil War
Louis XI was an active participant in the Wars of the Roses. In Castile, John II of Aragon was a player in their decades of instability. Charles the Bold had rights within his territories even those territories he held as part of the Kingdom of France. The beheaded would-be King Richard, Duke of York felt that he had rights to govern England.
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