The Enochapal Calipsis: A New Idea in Judaism

In the Enoch tradition, the oldest stuff we have is astronomical. The one that's more commonly cited is that in the 2nd century BC you get persecution in Jerusalem. This created cognitive dissonance. It was supposed to be that if you kept the law, you lived long and you prospered. Now you have a situation where if you keep the law,you get killed. And the afterlife, the judgment after death, provided a solution to that.