The Difference Between a Cause and a Stimulus and a Motive

Spinoza says that the stone was flung through the air, that the stone would think he was flying of his own free will. He thinks even animals, they do have an idea of causality and object permanence. So we've got in section 23, the difference between a cause and a stimulus and a motive so that a motive involves having a presentation. Only creatures that can have presentations can have motives has experience.