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China's Military-Civil Fusion program: CNAS fellow Elsa Kania on the myths and realities

Sinica Podcast

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Introduction

Kaiser Guo: Military Civil Fusion, or Jinmin Ruhuhe, is a phrase that's been around for decades. He says MCF arrived in American discourse on China policy after concerns were raised over made in China 2025. In early 2021, Elsa Kania and co-author Laurent Laski published an excellent policy brief titled Myths and Realities of China's Military Civil Fusion Strategy.

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