The Impact of Sanctions on Energy Exports on the EU

Satellite states to Russia, countries that used to be in the Eastern Bloc, or even part of the Soviet Union, they have a much larger effect. The impact on the EU as a whole is less than 0.1% of overall EU GDP. And one of the things that we can show using our methodology is that it seems as if high dependence on Russian energy imports for those of the countries immediately around Russia.