Revisiting Early Encounters: European Explorations and Native Cultures

This chapter explores the nuanced history of early European exploration in North America, emphasizing the sophisticated interactions between Europeans and Indigenous populations long before famous expeditions. It unpacks misconceptions about American westward expansion and highlights the advanced state of Native cultures, while discussing the implications of knowledge as power. Additionally, the chapter examines the significant transformations brought on by exploration, urbanization, and disease within Indigenous societies, while integrating new archaeological findings that challenge established narratives.