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The Challenges of Analyzing Observational Data and Assessing Credibility
This chapter explores the difficulties of conducting randomized trials in challenging areas of medicine and the limitations of observational data in supporting causal interpretations. It discusses the frustrations with confounded and biased observational studies and highlights the sensitivity of analytic methods and their implications for research. The chapter also emphasizes the importance of asking reasonable questions, dealing with non-randomized group choices, and assessing credibility in research papers.