The number of electrons in such a tiny amount of material is if you look up and look at, you can't even imagine the stars in the visible universe. So what power does that give us? Power in terms of the electrons coming together. And superconductivity is such an emergent collective phenomena which has incredible applications as well as mind-blowing physical behaviors we would not have expected or imagined from single electrons.
Melvyn Bragg and guests discuss the discovery made in 1911 by the Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes (1853-1926). He came to call it Superconductivity and it is a set of physical properties that nobody predicted and that none, since, have fully explained. When he lowered the temperature of mercury close to absolute zero and ran an electrical current through it, Kamerlingh Onnes found not that it had low resistance but that it had no resistance. Later, in addition, it was noticed that a superconductor expels its magnetic field. In the century or more that has followed, superconductors have already been used to make MRI scanners and to speed particles through the Large Hadron Collider and they may perhaps bring nuclear fusion a little closer (a step that could be world changing).
The image above is from a photograph taken by Stephen Blundell of a piece of superconductor levitating above a magnet.
With
Nigel Hussey
Professor of Experimental Condensed Matter Physics at the University of Bristol and Radbout University
Suchitra Sebastian
Professor of Physics at the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge
And
Stephen Blundell
Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford and Fellow of Mansfield College
Producer: Simon Tillotson