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The Babylonian Calendar
The Babylonians devised the system based on 60, 60 being the lowest common multiple of 12 and 30. And they noticed that as the sun rises, it passes through the stars. This idea comes down to us via the Greeks as the zodiac. The Greek word zodion, meaning little animal. They looked like animals. So this is how we arrive at both the zodiac and the fact that circle around a point, we now divide into 360 degrees. It's all related to the same system.