Tyranny vs. Democracy: Lessons from Ancient Greece

Ep. 198 (Part 2 of 3) | Polarity management pioneer and author Barry Johnson and adult development expert Beena Sharma are masterful teachers on the subject of polarities and what polarity thinking can bring to the world, benefitting our well-being at every level. Together they explain what polarities are, why they matter, how to apply and leverage them, and the essence of polarity wisdom: pursuing the upsides of opposite poles. Barry is careful to explain that although either/or thinking is the root of our troubles, both/and thinking by itself isn’t the answer either. Integrating either/or with both/and thinking and recognizing the interdependence of all things is the road to transformation and, Beena adds, the engine of human development, of human maturity.

Barry explains the profound spiritual understanding foundational to polarity wisdom and Beena details how polarities shift according to our developmental stage. Each of the polarities discussed—justice/mercy, claiming power/sharing power, being/doing, to name a few—illuminates its sphere, whether it relates to democracy, social justice, or spiritual practice. Barry and Beena are passionate about the promise of polarity thinking and their excitement is contagious in this fast-paced, delightfully lucid dialogue, jam-packed with information that is practical, inspiring, and potentially life changing. Recorded May 22, 2025.

“Love is a natural byproduct of seeing completely.”

Topics & Time Stamps – Part 2

• Looking at the pole preferences that show up at each stage of development (00:37) 
• The integrative stage of development doesn’t reject either/or thinking or both/and thinking (04:42)
• Embracing polarities’ upsides elevates you; you come to a higher place (08:05)
• Tyranny and democracy: how do you both provide direction and encourage participation? (08:54)
• The spiritual polarity of doing and being and Martin Buber’s I and thou (14:08)
• How polarities nest and stack: Beena leads a nesting and upleveling exercise (18:10)
• Relating polarity thinking to quantum physics & the richness of the subject of universal interdependence (22:32)
• How do we respond to opposition at different developmental stages? (24:33)
• Jack Gibb’s trust theory: love is a natural byproduct of seeing completely (28:24)
• Seeing life and death as two poles and the violence in nature (29:28)
• Enhancing our capacity to love: individuals, enemies, countries; universal interdependence is a manifestation of divine love (32:44)
• Taking radical responsibility for our own incapacity to see (36:42)
• Love as a natural response to seeing fully and defenselessly (38:23)
• Barry’s profound realization about heaven, hell, and universal love (40:14)

Resources & References – Part 2

• Barry Johnson, And: Making a Difference by Leveraging Polarity, Paradox, or Dilemma
• Barry Johnson, Polarity Management: Identifying and Managing Unsolvable Problems
• Beena Sharma, founder Vertical Development Academy (VeDA)
• The 8 Stages of Vertical Development with Beena Sharma (Deep Transformation podcast)
• Martin Buber, I and Thou
• California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS), Sanjay Manchanda
• Carlo Rovelli, Helgoland: Making Sense of the Quantum Revolution
• Jack R. Gibb, Trust: A New View of Personal And Organizational Development
• Richard Rohr’s Center for Action and Contemplation’s Daily Meditations

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Barry Johnson, Ph.D., is a founder of Polarity Partnerships LLC, whose mission is to “enhance our quality of life on the planet by supplementing Or Thinking with And Thinking.” Barry has been involved in movement politics since his first march on Washington in 1963; in 1970 he turned his attention to understanding how systems became dysfunctional and how to co-create systems that worked for everyone. In that pursuit, the first polarity map and set of principles were generated. Barry has worked with organizations large and small, including business, industry, governments, educational and healthcare systems, and movement organizations to discover how And Thinking can be useful in accomplishing their mission. Barry’s recent work has been focused on how a polarity lens can be useful in addressing the rise of authoritarianism in the United States and around the world.

Along the way, Barry published three books and coordinated the publishing of a fourth: Polarity Management: Identifying and Managing Unsolvable Problems, Managing Polarities in Congregations: Eight Keys for Thriving Faith Communities, with Roy Oswald, And: Making a Difference by Leveraging Polarity, Paradox or Dilemma, Volume One, and And, Volume 2, Applications (written by 54 professionals who have applied And-thinking in their settings).

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Beena Sharma currently stewards Vertical Development Academy (VeDA) as its founding president, with a vision to enhance the practice of human development in service of civilizational resilience. Beena’s focus is on facilitating human maturity through a deep appreciation of the theory and practice of adult learning that catalyzes the development of wiser, more integrated human beings who can respond to personal, interpersonal, community, and larger systems challenges in more adequate ways. One of Beena’s unique contributions lies in leveraging the wisdom of polarities in service of human maturity, and Beena is one of the world’s leading teachers of polarity thinking. Beena is currently working on launching services that seek to build polarity wisdom in leaders and organizations around the world.

Beena is a gifted master coach, consultant, teacher, and thought leader. She has been recognized nationally and internationally for her achievements in successfully conceptualizing, developing, and delivering systemic leadership development initiatives. She is a regular keynote faculty member for McKinsey’s Executive Leadership Program serving leaders in Australia and New Zealand, and has led efforts as an executive and consultant for various agencies of the US Government, leading private sector companies in healthcare and other industries in the US, UK, Europe, Russia, Brazil, South Africa, and India. 

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Podcast produced by Vanessa Santos and Show Notes by Heidi Mitchell