Avicenna
In Our Time: Philosophy
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The History of Islamic Philosophy
The history of islamic philosophy, i would say, has two phases. You have the phase up till avicenna, and then you have the phase after avisenna. And in fact, what veres was doing, in some ways, was its own response to avisena. It was a response of conservativism, of trying to get back before these original ideas. But if you think about something like the idea of god as the necessary existent - that's a big challenge to islam.
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