Spies of the Sultan
Ottoman History Podcast
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The History of Early Modern Espionage in the Ottoman Empire
Gherkhan: I was immediately reminded of encoded telegrams, which are very much part of standard state communication during the 19th century. The Ottoman Empire conducts so much of its business over these encodedTelegrams that are part and parcel of the Ottoman bureaucracy. Most Ottoman correspondence was made orally. What brought this cryptography and secondography was the existence of resident diplomats.
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