When OPEC was created in 1959, nobody thought of nationalizing the consortiums. The idea was to create a national oil company that would enable the local elites to know about the oil industry and eventually participate in this consortium. When OPEC was born, these were a bit the policy ideas of the organization. But very soon I would say a split emerged since you referenced what was the competition between the radicals and the more conservatives with OPEC at the beginning.
Featuring Giuliano Garavini on his book The Rise and Fall of OPEC in the Twentieth Century. The second in a two-part series on the 20th-century history of petrostates, petrocapitalists, and the world system.
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