Beards, Identity, and Gender Norms

This chapter investigates the historical relevance of beards as symbols of white masculinity and political authority in 19th century America, focusing on their association with citizenship and leadership. It also examines the cultural phenomenon of bearded ladies in freak shows, highlighting their challenge to gender norms amidst growing women's rights movements. The narrative further explores the evolution of men's grooming habits, influenced by European trends and societal anxieties, revealing deep connections between facial hair, identity, and the shifting cultural landscape.