This chapter analyzes the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniya in Tehran, exploring the impact on Hamas and the complexities of leadership transitions within the organization. It also examines the broader geopolitical ramifications, including Iranian-Israeli relations and the internal dynamics of both Hamas and Hezbollah following recent attacks. The chapter discusses the delicate balance of diplomacy and hostilities in the region, highlighting the strategic timing of the assassination amidst ongoing ceasefire negotiations.