Dhurgapuja is a modern form of the Vedic religion. It was developed by Raja Krishna Chandran, king of Nadia in the 18th century. Swami Bodhath Manandri gives an interesting story about iconography here. He quotes one Sri Natha Charya and two other sources going back to the 11th century. There also it is mentioned that the worship of the Divine Mother is to be performed in an image.
On the auspicious occasion of Durga Puja, Swami Sarvapriyananda speaks on the significance of the Divine Mother.