
30 | Derek Leben on Ethics for Robots and Artificial Intelligences
Sean Carroll's Mindscape: Science, Society, Philosophy, Culture, Arts, and Ideas
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The Consequences of Utilitarianism and Contractarianism
In the trolley problem, contractarianism and utilitarianism are sort of cousins in this respect. But I think the biggest difference is their way of quantifying the goods. Do they quantify happiness and suffering or primary goods? And do they run a summation function or a maxi-man function? Right. So according to my theory, it would be better for the car to swerve into a crowd of 50 people and give them all a broken leg rather than toswerve into a brick wall. Why is that? Because 50 single broken legs is better than one instance of two broken legs. That's what Jeremy Bentham said when he was talking about homosexuality.
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