Despite some consequences, substances can provide immediate and certain reward in the different forms, including but not limited to euphoria, pain relief, energy, alleviation of emotional suffering, and social connection. These rewards can compete with non-substance activities that are enjoyable and rewarding, and understanding changes in reward processing over the course of substance use disorder severity may provide critical insights into how to bolster recovery. Dr. Stacey Daughters provides an overview of reward processing in substance use disorders, and explores ways in which neuroscience treatment techniques may complement existing evidence-based psychotherapy treatments to bolster outcomes for people recovering from substance use disorders. Dr. Daughters is a professor in the Department of Psychology and Neuroscience at the University of North Carolina, at Chapel Hill.